Cleaning and Sanitation
Cleaning Methods
Nearly all brewery equipment including tanks, fermenters, brew kettles, and lauter tuns contain product reside that must be removed between batches or at routine intervals in continuous operations. There are two widely used methods for cleaning equipment:
Manually
Manually cleaning is just exactly what it sounds like-a worker physically cleans the brewery equipment. Many craft brewers do not have the luxury of cleaning-in-place systems and have to manually clean and sanitize their equipment. They often have to use soft-bristled brushes, non-abrasive pads, cloths, and handheld spray hoses for cleaning. When cleaning manually, great care must be taken to assure that brushes and equipment are cleaned to avoid cross-contamination.
Clean-in-Place (CIP) Systems
Clean-in-place (CIP) systems were developed by the dairy industry as a means of reducing the amount of labor needed for cleaning and sanitizing operations. One of the main advantages of CIP systems is that they can recirculate and allow the reuse of chemicals and rinse water, thereby reducing consumption by as much as 50%. CIP systems largely remove human contact with cleaning and sanitizing agents, thus reducing the risk of harmful exposure. They also assure a more consistent cleaning by removing some of the common sources of human error in cleaning.
Spraying Devices
Spray devices are used to apply CIP fluids to the surface being cleaned. Two general types are available: static and dynamic. Static spray devices are motionless heads with drilled or fixed nozzles. Popular versions include spray balls (see Figure 7.2), tubes and bubbles. Dynamic spray devices have a moving spray head or body, which is driven by the cleaning media (see Figure 7.2) and/or mechanical means.
CIP Single-Use or Recovery Systems
CIP units are available as single-use or recovery types, or as a combination of both.
Single-Use Type - In the single-use method, the cleaning solution is prepared and re-circulated through the system and discharged at the completion of the cleaning cycle.
Recovery-Type - In the recovery type, the solution is recovered at the completion of the cleaning cycle.
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